Question

functional group indicates

• A. aldehyde
• B. ester
• C. alcohol
• D. ketone

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The structure of these functional groups can help identify the type of compound.

A ketone is a type of organic compound characterized by the carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms. This distinguishes it from other carbonyl-containing compounds such as aldehydes, where the carbonyl group is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.

To identify the functional group of a ketone, look for the general structure:

R₁-C(=O)-R₂,

where R₁ and R₂ are alkyl or aryl groups.

This differs from:

• Aldehydes: R-C(=O)-H
• Esters: R-C(=O)-O-R'
• Alcohols: R-OH

Therefore, the functional group that indicates a ketone is the carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms.

Answer 2

Correct answer: aldehyde

Explanation: 
The given structure shows a functional group with the form \(-CHO\).

- This group consists of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydrogen atom.
- The general representation is \( R - CHO \), where R is any alkyl group.

This characteristic group represents an aldehyde.