Free central placentation is found in -
- Dianthus
- Argemone
- Brassica
- Citrus
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1: Dianthus.
Here’s an explanation of free central placentation:
Free central placentation is a type of placentation where the ovules are attached to a central column within the ovary, and there is no partition separating the chambers of the ovary. This type of placentation is found in plants like Dianthus.
In Dianthus, the ovules are arranged on a central axis, and the ovary is unilocular, with no septa dividing the chambers. This is typical of plants in the Caryophyllaceae family.
The other options, such as Argemone, Brassica, and Citrus, exhibit different types of placentation:
Argemone has parietal placentation.
Brassica (mustard) has parietal placentation as well.
Citrus exhibits axile placentation.
Hence, Dianthus is the correct choice for free central placentation.
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Concepts Used:
Morphology of Flowering Plants
Morphology in flowering plants tells us that every plant has two systems such as a root system and a shoot system. The root system digs deep into the ground and structures a system of its own. On the other hand, the shoot system is the one that is above ground level and includes various plant parts.
Root System
The descending part of the plant grows under the soil roots. During the germination process, the radicle from the seed grows earthward and branches out. The branches along with the primary root are called the root system. Roots lack chlorophyll and therefore they are not green in color. Roots are positively geotropic and hydrotropic, that is, they grow downwards ground and water, and negatively phototropic, which is growing away from light.
There are three types of root systems found in plants are as follows:
- TapRoot System
- Fibrous Root System
- Adventitious Root System
Shoot System
The stem is also an essential element of the plant. It is the ascending portion of the plant axis that bears branches, flowers, leaves, and fruits, as well as aiding in water and mineral conduction. It is the plant's aerial portion, brought about from an embryo's plumule or germinating seeds. Young stems are ordinarily green, but they finally turn woody and brown.