Question

For Immanuel Kant, which of the following statements are appropriate examples of synthetic a priori judgment?

• A. $2 + 2 = 4$
• B. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.
• C. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• D. God is a perfect being.

Hint:

Synthetic a priori judgments are central to Kant’s attempt to explain how science and mathematics are possible.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, B, C

Step 1: Understanding synthetic a priori judgments.
According to Kant, synthetic a priori judgments extend knowledge while being independent of experience.
Step 2: Analysis of examples.
Mathematical truths such as $2 + 2 = 4$ and geometrical principles like the shortest distance between two points being a straight line are synthetic a priori.
Step 3: Scientific laws.
Kant regarded fundamental laws of nature, such as Newton’s third law, as synthetic a priori because they structure experience rather than arise from it.
Step 4: Elimination of incorrect option.
Option (D) is a metaphysical proposition and not a synthetic a priori judgment in Kant’s critical philosophy.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Therefore, options (A), (B), and (C) are correct.