Question

For flood routing, consider the following statements:
P: Hydrologic routing method uses continuity equation and momentum equation
Q: Hydraulic routing method uses continuity equation and energy equation
Choose the correct option from the following:

• A. P is TRUE; Q is TRUE
• B. P is TRUE; Q is FALSE
• C. P is FALSE; Q is TRUE
• D. P is FALSE; Q is FALSE

Hint:

For routing methods, remember: - Hydrologic routing generally only uses the continuity equation. - Hydraulic routing uses both the continuity equation and energy equation for detailed flow analysis.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Hydrologic routing methods are generally used to predict flow and water stage within river basins, and they primarily focus on the mass balance or continuity equation, often neglecting the momentum equation. Thus, the statement P, which says that hydrologic routing uses both the continuity and momentum equations, is false. Hydrologic routing typically relies on the continuity equation only.

Step 2: Hydraulic routing, on the other hand, considers more detailed aspects of flow including energy losses and water velocity. While it uses the continuity equation for mass conservation, it also uses the energy equation to account for the effects of flow resistance and energy losses (e.g., using the energy principle or Bernoulli's equation). So, the statement Q, which claims that hydraulic routing uses both the continuity and energy equations, is also false in the general case of flood routing.

Step 3: Thus, both P and Q are false. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: "P is FALSE; Q is FALSE."