Question:

Find the intersection of each pair of sets:
(i) X = {1, 3, 5} Y = {1, 2, 3}
(ii) A = {a, e, i, o, u} B = {a, b, c}
(iii) A = {x: x is a natural number and multiple of 3}
B = {x: x is a natural number less than 6}
(iv) A = {x: x is a natural number and \(1 < x ≤ 6\)}
B = {x: x is a natural number and \(6 < x < 10\)}
(v) A = {1, 2, 3}, B = \(\phi\)

Updated On: Oct 22, 2023
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Solution and Explanation

(i) X = {1, 3, 5}, Y = {1, 2, 3}
\(X ∩Y\) = {1, 3}


(ii) A = {a, e, i, o, u}, B = {a, b, c}
\(A ∩B\) = {a}


(iii) A = {x: x is a natural number and multiple of 3} = (3, 6, 9 ...}
B = {x: x is a natural number less than 6} = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
\(A ∩B\) = {3}


(iv) A = {x: x is a natural number and \(1 < x ≤6\)} = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
B = {x: x is a natural number and \(6 < x< 10\)} = {7, 8, 9}
\(A ∩B = \phi\)


(v) A = {1, 2, 3}, B = \(\phi\)
\(A ∩B = \phi\)

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Concepts Used:

Operations on Sets

Some important operations on sets include union, intersection, difference, and the complement of a set, a brief explanation of operations on sets is as follows:

1. Union of Sets:

  • The union of sets lists the elements in set A and set B or the elements in both set A and set B.
  • For example, {3,4} ∪ {1, 4} = {1, 3, 4}
  • It is denoted as “A U B”

2. Intersection of Sets:

  • Intersection of sets lists the common elements in set A and B.
  • For example, {3,4} ∪ {1, 4} = {4}
  • It is denoted as “A ∩ B”

3.Set Difference:

  • Set difference is the list of elements in set A which is not present in set B
  • For example, {3,4} - {1, 4} = {3}
  • It is denoted as “A - B”

4.Set Complement:

  • The set complement is the list of all elements present in the Universal set except the elements present in set A
  • It is denoted as “U-A”