To determine the compounds ‘A’ and ‘B’, we need to understand the reactions shown.
The given reaction involves the conversion of an alkyl halide to different compounds using different reagents: AgCN and NaCN. These reagents differ in their behavior due to the difference in the nature of the cyanide ion attachment to silver and sodium.
Reaction with AgCN:
Silver cyanide (AgCN) has a covalent cyanide ion. This nature leads to the formation of isocyanide when reacting with alkyl halides.
Thus, when the alkyl chloride reacts with AgCN, the major product formed is an isocyanide, i.e., R-NC (alkyl isocyanide).
Reaction with NaCN:
Sodium cyanide (NaCN), on the other hand, has an ionic cyanide ion, which can easily donate the cyanide ion.
When the alkyl chloride reacts with NaCN, the major product formed is a nitrile, i.e., R-CN (alkyl cyanide).
Based on the reactions, the compounds can be identified as follows:
Fig. Correct structures of ‘A’ and ‘B’.
Therefore, for the given question, the correct compounds ‘A’ and ‘B’ are alkyl isocyanide and alkyl cyanide, respectively.
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Approach Solution -2
The correct answer is (C) :
Fig,
KCN is ionic so \( C^{⊖}\) N attacks through ‘C’ – atom. AgCN is covalent so CN attacks through ‘N’ – atom.
The primary and secondary amines, including several amine derivatives, have a direct impact on their properties due to the presence of hydrogen bonding. The compounds containing phosphorus have a lower boiling point and the compounds containing amines and alcohol have a higher boiling point. The structure of alkanols is immensely similar to that of amine except the presence of the hydroxyl group. In such a case, oxygen has a higher electronegativity than that of nitrogen, so alkanol compounds are more acidic in nature in comparison to the amines.
On account of the ability to form hydrogen bonds, the amines have tendencies of high solubility in water. The amine molecules such as Ethyl, diethyl, triethyl, and Methyl are gaseous in nature. Whereas, higher weight amines have a solid structure and alkyl amines have a liquid structure. There is an ammonia smell to gaseous amines and a fishy smell to liquid amines. The solubility of amines entirely depends upon the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
