Explain the important aspects of resonance with reference to the \(CO_3^{2-}\) ion.
Solution and Explanation
According to experimental findings, all carbon to oxygen bonds in \(CO_3^{2-}\) are equivalent. Hence, it is inadequate to represent \(CO_3^{2-}\) ion by a single Lewis structure having two single bonds and one double bond.
Therefore, carbonate ion is described as a resonance hybrid of the following structures:
Top Questions on Bond Parameters
- The correct statement/s about Hydrogen bonding is/are :
A. Hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to the highly electro negative atom.
B. Intermolecular H bonding is present in o-nitro phenol
C. Intramolecular H bonding is present in HF.
D. The magnitude of H bonding depends on the physical state of the compound.
E. H-bonding has powerful effect on the structure and properties of compounds.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :- JEE Main - 2024
- Chemistry
- Bond Parameters
- How many of the following compounds have zero dipole moment ?
\(NH_3, H_2O, HF, CO_2, SO_2, BF_3, CH_4\)- JEE Main - 2024
- Chemistry
- Bond Parameters
The correct order of bond enthalpy \(\left( kJ mol ^{-1}\right)\) is :
- JEE Main - 2023
- Chemistry
- Bond Parameters
\(O - O\) bond length in \(H _2 O _2\) is X than the \(O - O\) bond length in \(F _2 O _2\)The \(O - H\) bond length in \(H _2 O _2\)is Y than that of the\(O - F\) bond in \(F _2 O _2\)Choose the correct option for \(\underline{X} and \underline{Y}\) from those given below :
- JEE Main - 2023
- Chemistry
- Bond Parameters
- Which of the following pair of molecules contain odd electron molecule and an expanded octet molecule?
- JEE Main - 2022
- Chemistry
- Bond Parameters
Questions Asked in CBSE Class XI exam
- Find the sum to indicated number of terms in each of the geometric progressions in 1, – a, \(a^2\), –\(a^3\), ... n terms (if a ≠ – 1).
- CBSE Class XI
- geometric progression
- Find n if n-1P3: nP3 = 1: 9.
- CBSE Class XI
- Permutations
- Give a brief description of the principles of the following techniques taking an example in each case.(a) Crystallisation (b) Distillation (c) Chromatography.
- CBSE Class XI
- Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Three reasons why the author’s grandmother was disturbed when he started going to the city school.
- CBSE Class XI
- The Portrait of a lady
- Briefly comment on "The purpose of the author’s journey to Mount Kailash."
- CBSE Class XI
- Silk road
Concepts Used:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
- Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
- Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
- Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
- Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
- Size of the Atom
- Multiplicity of Bonds
- Number of Lone Pair of Electrons Present
- Bond Angle