Question

Explain DNA fingerprinting and its uses.

Hint:

DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool for identifying individuals and has widespread applications in law enforcement, medicine, and biology.

Answer 1

Step 1: DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA sequence. It involves comparing specific regions of DNA that vary widely between individuals, such as short tandem repeats (STRs). Step 2: The process includes extracting DNA, amplifying the regions of interest through PCR, and then separating the fragments by gel electrophoresis. Step 3: DNA fingerprinting is used in various fields, including forensic science (to identify criminals), paternity testing, and wildlife conservation (to track endangered species).