Question

Examine the modern changes occurring in Hindu marriages.

Hint:

To structure this answer, it is effective to compare the 'traditional' aspect with the 'modern' change for each point (e.g., Traditional: Arranged Marriage vs. Modern: Love Marriage).

Answer 1

Hindu marriage, traditionally considered a sacrament, has undergone significant changes due to modernization, education, and legislative reforms. Key modern changes include:

Basis of Mate Selection: There is a shift from purely parent-arranged marriages to marriages based on individual choice and love. 'Arranged-cum-love' marriages, where parental consent is sought after individual selection, are also becoming common.

Increase in Age of Marriage: The average age of marriage for both men and women has increased significantly, primarily due to the emphasis on education and career aspirations. Child marriages have declined drastically.

Weakening of Caste and Gotra Rules: The traditional rules of caste endogamy (marrying within one's caste) and gotra exogamy (marrying outside one's gotra) are weakening, especially in urban areas, leading to a rise in inter-caste marriages.

Simplification of Rituals: Elaborate and lengthy wedding rituals are often being condensed into shorter, more manageable ceremonies, focusing more on the legal and social aspects than the intricate religious details.

Acceptance of Divorce and Remarriage: Traditionally, Hindu marriage was considered indissoluble. However, due to legal provisions (Hindu Marriage Act, 1955) and changing social attitudes, divorce and the remarriage of widows and divorcees are now more socially accepted.