Question

Distinguish between Nikah and Mutah.

Hint:

The core distinction to highlight is \textbf{Permanent (Nikah) vs. Temporary (Mutah)}. Mentioning the different recognition by Sunni and Shia schools is also a key point.

Answer 1

Nikah and Mutah are two forms of marriage in Islamic law, and they differ significantly in their nature, duration, and legal recognition.

Nature and Duration:
Nikah: This is the standard, formal, and permanent marriage contract in Islam. It is intended to be for life and creates a stable family unit.

Mutah: This is a temporary marriage, where the duration of the marital relationship is specified in the contract in advance. It can last for a day, a month, a year, or any other fixed period.

Dissolution:
Nikah: It can only be dissolved through a formal process of divorce (Talaq by the husband, Khula by the wife, or Mubarat by mutual consent) or upon the death of a spouse.

Mutah: It dissolves automatically upon the expiry of the agreed-upon period, without the need for a formal divorce.

Legal Recognition:
Nikah: It is recognized and accepted by all schools of Islamic law (both Sunni and Shia).

Mutah: It is primarily practiced and recognized by the Twelver Shia school of Islam. Sunni Islam does not recognize Mutah marriage and considers it forbidden.