During osmosis,flow of water through a semipermeable membrane is
- from both sides of semipermeable membrane with unequal flow rates
- from solution having lower concentrationonly
- from solution having higher concentrationonly
- from both sides of semipermeable membrane with equal flow rates
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Semi-permeable barrier only permits the passage of smaller particles and prevents the passage of larger ones. In a solution, the solvent typically flows while the solute particles are retained in suspension on one side of the membrane exclusively.
Now, according to our knowledge, the reduction of a solvent's vapour pressure upon the addition of a solute results in a difference in pressure between the solvent side and the solution side of the membrane. Since solvent is pure, its vapour pressure is higher than that of solutions. As a result, osmosis—the passage of solvent from high pressure to lower—occurs.
Osmotic pressure of the solution is the pressure that can be used to simply stop this flow.
We might argue that the solvent flows from lower to higher concentrations in terms of concentration. The same is true when water is the solvent, and we can see this in action when we watch fresh mangoes shrivel up in saline water. Mangoes become shrivelled as a result of water flowing from within to outside of them due to the concentration being greater in salt water.
Along with the previously mentioned understanding of water flow, we also need to keep in mind that the net flow of water is the consequence of different water flow rates on the two sides of the semi-permeable membrane.
Top Questions on Solutions
- At 298 K, liquid A (solute) forms an ideal solution with liquid B (solvent). The following graph is obtained for this solution.
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{8.png}
Identify the correct statements about this graph:
I) x-axis represents the mole fraction of A
II) Point Z represents the vapour pressure of pure solvent
III) x-axis represents the mole fraction of B - The osmotic pressure of 0.01 molar solution of an electrolyte is found to be 0.65 bar at 27°C. The van’t Hoff factor of the electrolyte is (R = 0.083 bar L K$^{-1}$ mol$^{-1}$)
- A liquid mixture of aniline and 'x' forms a non-ideal solution with negative deviation from Raoult's law. What is 'x'?
- What are the mole fractions of glucose and water respectively, in 20% (w/w) aqueous glucose solution? (\(C = 12\,u\); \(O = 16\,u\); \(H = 1\,u\))
- Concentrated nitric acid is labelled as 75%by mass. The volume in mL of the solution which contains 30 g of nitric acid is: Given: Density of nitric acid solution is 1.25 g/mL.
Concepts Used:
Solutions
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm.
For example, salt and sugar is a good illustration of a solution. A solution can be categorized into several components.
Types of Solutions:
The solutions can be classified into three types:
- Solid Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Solid-state.
- Liquid Solutions- In these solutions, the solvent is in a Liquid state.
- Gaseous Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Gaseous state.
On the basis of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent, solutions are divided into the following types:
- Unsaturated Solution- A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising the temperature of the solution is known as an unsaturated solution.
- Saturated Solution- A solution in which no solute can be dissolved after reaching a certain amount of temperature is known as an unsaturated saturated solution.
- Supersaturated Solution- A solution that contains more solute than the maximum amount at a certain temperature is known as a supersaturated solution.