During extraction of aluminium from bauxite,
- the concentration of ore is done by gravity separation method
- molten mixture of aluminium oxide, cryolite and fluorspar is electrolysed
- impure aluminium is refined by liquation
- molten aluminium is obtained at cathode while fluorine is liberated at anode.
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
${Al_2O_3 ->[Electrolysis] 2Al^{3+} + 3O^{2-}} $
At cathode : ${Al^{3+} + 3e^- ? Al}$
At anode : ${C + O^{2-} ? CO + 2e^-}$
${ C + 2O^{2-} \rightarrow CO_2 + 4e^-}$
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Concepts Used:
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
What are Ores and Minerals?
Minerals are the naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substances. They are having a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure, hardness and color. For example, copper pyrite, calamine, etc.
Impurities in an ore are called gauge. The removal of a gauge from the ore is called concentration ore.
Several steps are involved in the extraction of pure metal from ores. Major steps are as follows –
- Concentration of the ore
- Isolation of the metal from its concentrated ore
- Purification of the metal