Question

Discuss the following for a patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot:
Long-term follow-up

Hint:

Ongoing follow-up is essential for detecting late complications, including arrhythmias, pulmonary valve dysfunction, and right ventricular issues.

Answer 1

Step 1: Importance of Long-Term Follow-Up:
1. Cardiac Monitoring: Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) should undergo lifelong cardiac follow-up, including regular echocardiograms, electrocardiograms (ECGs), and possibly MRI, to monitor for any residual defects or complications.
2. Assessment of Pulmonary Valve Function: Since pulmonary valve insufficiency is common after repair, follow-up should include evaluation of valve function and detection of any signs of right ventricular dysfunction.
3. Exercise and Lifestyle: Regular monitoring of exercise tolerance is important as patients may experience limitations due to residual heart defects or arrhythmias. Counseling on lifestyle modifications may also be necessary.