Question

Discuss the factors responsible for the Birth rate and Death rate in India.

Hint:

Population growth in India is due to high birth rate and low death rate.

Answer 1

Step 1: Define birth rate and death rate.
\begin{itemize} \item Birth rate: Number of live births per 1000 people in a year. \item Death rate: Number of deaths per 1000 people in a year. \end{itemize}

Step 2: Factors responsible for birth rate in India.
\begin{itemize} \item Socio-cultural factors: Preference for large families, son preference, early marriage. \item Economic factors: Poor families see children as assets for labor and income. \item Illiteracy: Lack of awareness about family planning. \item Religious beliefs: Some communities discourage contraceptives. \end{itemize}

Step 3: Factors responsible for death rate in India.
\begin{itemize} \item Healthcare facilities: Limited access in rural areas raises mortality. \item Malnutrition and poverty: Poor nutrition weakens immunity, increasing deaths. \item Epidemics and diseases: Lack of sanitation causes diseases like cholera, malaria, etc. \item Improvement in medical facilities: Decline in death rate in recent decades due to hospitals, vaccination, and awareness. \end{itemize}

Step 4: Conclusion.
India’s high birth rate and declining death rate together contribute to population growth. Final Answer (Option 1): \[ \boxed{\text{Birth rate = social + cultural + economic factors; Death rate = health + poverty + sanitation factors}} \]