Question

Describe the suitable geographical conditions for the cultivation of sugarcane and also mention any three producing states of this crop.

Hint:

Sugarcane is a water-intensive crop that requires a tropical climate , fertile soil , and an adequate water supply for successful cultivation.

Answer 1

Suitable Geographical Conditions for Sugarcane Cultivation:
Sugarcane is a tropical crop that requires specific climatic and geographical conditions to grow successfully. The following are the ideal conditions for the cultivation of sugarcane:

1. Climate:
- Temperature :
Sugarcane requires a warm climate with temperatures ranging between 21°C to 27°C . It thrives in hot climates but is highly sensitive to frost. - Rainfall :
Sugarcane needs an abundant supply of water , ideally between 75 cm to 150 cm of annual rainfall. It requires rainfall during the monsoon season to grow well. However, it can also be irrigated during the dry months. - Sunlight :
The crop requires plenty of sunshine to grow, making regions with long, sunny days ideal for cultivation.
2. Soil:
- Well-drained, fertile soil is crucial for sugarcane cultivation. Loamy or sandy loam soils are considered ideal. These soils should be rich in organic matter and nutrients , with good moisture retention. - pH Range :
Sugarcane prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils, with a pH ranging between 6 to
7.5 . - Water retention :
The soil should have the ability to retain moisture for prolonged periods, as the crop requires adequate water during its growing period.
3. Topography:
- Flat land or gently sloping areas are best for sugarcane cultivation. These areas allow for better drainage and ease of irrigation. - Irrigation facilities :
Regions with access to irrigation systems such as canals, rivers, or groundwater are preferable as sugarcane requires consistent water supply.
4. Growing Season:
- Sugarcane requires a long growing season , typically between 10 to 18 months , depending on the variety and local conditions. It takes a long time to mature and produce sugarcane stalks. Three Producing States of Sugarcane in India:
India is one of the largest producers of sugarcane in the world. The following are three major states where sugarcane is extensively cultivated:

1. Uttar Pradesh :
Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer of sugarcane in India, contributing significantly to the total sugarcane production. The state's fertile soil and abundant water resources make it ideal for sugarcane cultivation.
2. Maharashtra :
Maharashtra is another major producer of sugarcane. The state has suitable climatic conditions, with well-developed irrigation systems, especially in regions like Kolhapur , Solapur , and Ahmednagar .
3. Karnataka :
Karnataka is also a significant producer of sugarcane, particularly in the districts of Mysore , Bagalkot , and Belgaum . The state's moderate climate and irrigation availability support sugarcane farming.