Question

Describe the process and importance of artificial hybridization in brief.

Hint:

Hybridization is a powerful tool in improving agricultural and livestock traits, ensuring better productivity and disease resistance.

Answer 1

Artificial hybridization refers to the controlled pollination of plants or mating of animals to combine desirable traits from two different varieties or species. This technique is often used in agriculture and animal breeding to improve yield, disease resistance, or other beneficial traits. Process: 1. Selection of parents: The desired traits from two different organisms are identified. One may have a desirable size, while the other may have better disease resistance. 2. Crossing: The male and female gametes from the selected organisms are combined through artificial means, such as controlled pollination in plants or insemination in animals. 3. Fertilization and growth: After fertilization, the resulting hybrid is monitored to ensure that the desired traits are present in the offspring. Importance: - Increased productivity: Hybrid plants and animals often show increased yields and improved traits. - Disease resistance: Hybrids may be more resistant to pests or diseases, increasing agricultural sustainability. - Improved quality: Hybridization allows for the development of high-quality crops and livestock.
Final Answer: Artificial hybridization is a method used to improve the desirable traits of plants and animals. It involves controlled mating or pollination and is important for increasing productivity, disease resistance, and quality.