Question

Describe the Hardy-Weinberg principle.

Hint:

The Hardy-Weinberg principle predicts genetic equilibrium, assuming no evolutionary forces act on a population. % Topic - Evolution and Population Genetics

Answer 1

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant if no evolutionary influences are acting upon it. Key conditions: \begin{itemize} \item Large population size. \item No mutation, migration, or natural selection. \item Random mating within the population. \end{itemize} Equation: \[ p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 \] where: \begin{itemize} \item \( p^2 \) = frequency of homozygous dominant genotype, \item \( 2pq \) = frequency of heterozygous genotype, \item \( q^2 \) = frequency of homozygous recessive genotype. \end{itemize}