Question

Describe the cultivation of wheat under the following heads:
a) Selection of soil and preparation
b) Two improved varieties
c) Time of sowing and seed rate per hectare
d) Manure and fertilizer per hectare
e) Yield per hectare

Hint:

Timely sowing and balanced fertilization are key to achieving high wheat yields; monitor soil moisture for optimal irrigation.

Answer 1

a) Selection of soil and preparation: Wheat thrives in deep, fertile loamy soils with good drainage and a pH of 6.0-7.5. Sandy loam to clay loam is ideal. Preparation involves 3-4 ploughings followed by harrowing to achieve a fine tilth, incorporating 10-12.5 tons/ha of farmyard manure (FYM) 5-6 weeks before sowing.
b) Two improved varieties: HD 2967 (high-yielding, rust-resistant) and PBW 502 (suitable for timely sown irrigated conditions, good chapati quality).
c) Time of sowing and seed rate per hectare: Optimal sowing time is mid-October to mid-November for timely varieties (e.g., 1-15 Nov in North West Plain Zone). Seed rate: 100-125 kg/ha for normal sowing.
d) Manure and fertilizer per hectare: Apply 120 kg N, 60 kg P₂O₅, and 40 kg K₂O per hectare. Full P and K, and half N as basal; remaining N at crown root initiation stage.
e) Yield per hectare: Average yield is 40-50 q/ha (4-5 tons/ha) under irrigated conditions with improved practices.