Describe mutualism.
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Solution and Explanation
Mutualism is a type of ecological interaction in which two different species benefit from each other. Mutualism is a form of symbiotic relationship where both organisms involved derive mutual benefit. It is an important ecological interaction that promotes survival and reproduction.
Types of Mutualism:
1. Obligate Mutualism: The relationship is essential for the survival of both species.
2. Facultative Mutualism: Both species benefit, but they can survive independently.
Examples of Mutualism:
Lichen: A mutualistic association between fungi and algae/cyanobacteria.
Pollination: Bees collect nectar from flowers (food source) while aiding in pollination.
Mycorrhizae: Fungi and plant roots exchange nutrients and water.
Nitrogen Fixation: Rhizobium bacteria live in leguminous plant roots, fixing nitrogen for the plant while receiving carbohydrates.
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