Define disguised unemployment. State its implications on output and employment in a country.
Define disguised unemployment. State its implications on output and employment in a country.
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Solution and Explanation
Definition: Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where more people are employed than required, resulting in zero or negligible marginal productivity.
Implications: Inefficient Labor Use: Resources are underutilized, leading to lower productivity.
Stagnant Economic Growth: Excess labor in low-productive sectors like agriculture fails to contribute effectively to GDP.
Top Questions on Production Theory
The Government of India, in the initial years of economic development, emphasized on a greater role of the public sector in the industrial development.
Justify the statement, giving reasons in support of your answer.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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Differentiate between public provision and public production.
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Distinguish between direct tax and indirect tax with the help of suitable examples.
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Read the following text carefully: Decisions taken by factors of production in the production process often may affect the stakeholders indirectly. Such impacts at times are huge but are not accounted for, while estimating national income. Economists call them as externalities and they can be positive or negative.} {In this regard, many economists suggest carbon pricing as an important tool to ensure ecological balance. Carbon pricing tries to control greenhouse gas emissions by either placing a fee on emitting or offering subsidies on lesser emission. Through instruments like carbon tax, green cess, eco tax, etc. economists suggest moving towards greener technology eliminating such negative externalities.On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions:
(i) Define externalities.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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Questions Asked in CBSE CLASS XII exam
- Read the following passage carefully:
(1) What do we typically do when we find our children doing something we don’t approve of? We become reactive parents. Often, we pepper our reactions with lectures. When it doesn’t work and predictably so; we end up screaming and dole out a punishment. And our children react with anger, resentment or ‘can’t-be-bothered’ attitude.
(2) Buddhist Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh put it beautifully when he described how each child has both negative seeds- of anger, despair, hatred, fear and violence- and wholesome seeds- of love, happiness, compassion and forgiveness. According to him, what will blossom depends on the seeds we nurture.
(3) A parenting and educational approach that’s gaining a large following internationally, called the Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) by Howard Glasser, is very much in keeping with this Zen approach. The three main aspects of this approach are:- Refuse to energize negativity.
- Relentlessly energize their positives.
- Reset: Do not react negatively and stay calm when the child does something wrong.
(4) While on a mission to cut the negative, the parent looks for every opportunity to energize the positive in the child. This is done through persistently appreciating the goodness in the child in the smallest of ways: You were really generous about sharing your pizza with your sister; I appreciate the hard work you have put in your project; It takes courage to stand up to a bully. If you observe, the appreciation is not about saying “excellent”, “amazing” or “good”, which is really an empty praise and does not speak much to the child. Qualifying a praise, on the other hand, gives the child direction and she/he begins to understand what qualities, values and strengths are appreciated. These are also necessary ingredients of life skills and success.
(5) This approach is not merely about noticing when the child is being good, it is about recognizing the child’s worth at every step. It’s about aligning his energy in believing that he has great qualities, which are being identified and validated by the parents at every step. He realizes that there is no point choosing negativity, as there are no pay-offs to it, and is validated building his worth instead.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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- {“Your Majesty, I have two wives already. If I marry you...” (The Tiger King)
No doubt it adds humour to the story. Humour always captures the mind of readers.
Taking ideas from the story {Tiger King}, write an article on the ‘Importance of Humour in Life’.
You may begin like this:
{Sense of humour helps us deal with problems of life and improves one’s mental and physical health...}} \vspace{0.5cm}- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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- {Derry: “Oh no, because if I don’t go back there, I’ll never go anywhere in this world again.” (On the Face of it)
Derry later realizes that the decision taken at that moment helped him to come out of his shell. As Derry, write a diary entry expressing your happiness and thanking your stars for the right decision taken.
You may begin like this:
{I was so fortunate to be able to be decisive at the right moment...} }- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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- {Lost Spring and {Indigo} highlight the apathy of society and exploitation by those in power. Elaborate.} \vspace{0.5cm}
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- Franz from {The Last Lesson and the peddler from {The Rattrap} demonstrate the importance of learning from one’s mistakes and rising up to evolve as a better person.
Write an article based on the two texts on how a man evolves after learning from his mistakes.}- CBSE CLASS XII - 2024
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