Define disguised unemployment. State its implications on output and employment in a country.
Definition: Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where more people are employed than required, resulting in zero or negligible marginal productivity.
Implications: Inefficient Labor Use: Resources are underutilized, leading to lower productivity.
Stagnant Economic Growth: Excess labor in low-productive sectors like agriculture fails to contribute effectively to GDP.
Draw a rough sketch for the curve $y = 2 + |x + 1|$. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the curve $y = 2 + |x + 1|$, $x = -4$, $x = 3$, and $y = 0$.
Study the given molecular structure of double-stranded polynucleotide chain of DNA and answer the questions that follow. 
(a) How many phosphodiester bonds are present in the given double-stranded polynucleotide chain?
(b) How many base pairs are there in each helical turn of double helix structure of DNA? Also write the distance between a base pair in a helix.
(c) In addition to H-bonds, what confers additional stability to the helical structure of DNA?