Question

Define Apomixis.

Hint:

Apomixis = seed formation without fertilization, producing clones (e.g., Citrus, Mango).

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition.
Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction, where seeds are formed without fertilization.

Step 2: Characteristics.
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Seeds are produced without the union of gametes.} \\ \bullet & \text{Offspring are genetically identical to the parent (clones).} \\ \bullet & \text{Helps maintain hybrid vigour for several generations.} \\ \end{array}\]

Step 3: Examples.
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Citrus, Mango, Grass species.} \\ \end{array}\]

Step 4: Importance.
Apomixis is important in plant breeding because it helps fix desirable traits and maintain superior hybrids.