Question

Critical Reasoning -- Strengthen Argument: 
"Cities with higher public-transport usage typically experience lower air pollution levels." 

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument? 

1. Cars emit significantly more pollutants per passenger compared to public buses. 
2. Public transport systems are cheaper than personal vehicles. 
3. People prefer using their own vehicles for convenience.
4. Pollution levels vary with weather conditions.

Hint:

To strengthen an argument, choose the option that provides direct evidence supporting the causal link or reduces alternative explanations.

Answer 1

Step 1: Identify the claim being made. The argument links higher public-transport usage with lower air pollution.

Step 2: Look for evidence that supports this link. Option (A) directly strengthens the argument by showing that private cars produce more pollution per passenger, implying that shifting to public transport lowers pollution levels. 

Correct Answer: (A)