Consider the following reaction:
Identify the product A and B.
Identify the product A and B.
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is option (D): 
The reactant is benzyl phenyl ether (Ph–CH₂–O–Ph), with two benzene rings connected by a –CH₂–O– linkage. When treated with HI under heat (Δ), the ether bond breaks. HI protonates the oxygen, and the iodide (I⁻) attacks the benzyl carbon (Ph–CH₂–) due to the stability of the resonance-stabilized benzyl carbocation. This cleaves the Ph–CH₂–O bond, forming Ph–CH₂–I (benzyl iodide) and Ph–OH (phenol).
Comparing with the options:
- Option 1: A = Ph–CH₃, B = Ph–I (Incorrect, doesn’t match Ph–CH₂–I and Ph–OH).
- Option 2: A = Ph–CH₃, B = Ph–OH (Incorrect, A should be Ph–CH₂–I).
- Option 3: A = Ph–CH₂OH, B = Ph–I (Incorrect, neither matches).
- Option 4: A = Ph–CH₂I, B = Ph–OH (Correct, matches the products).
Thus, the correct option is Option 4.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Properties - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that have distinct chemical properties.
Alcohols are characterized by the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group, which makes them polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds. They are typically classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, depending on the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group. Alcohols undergo various chemical reactions, including oxidation, dehydration, and esterification.
Phenols are organic compounds that contain an -OH group attached to an aromatic ring. They are weaker acids than carboxylic acids but stronger acids than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion. Phenols undergo various chemical reactions, including electrophilic substitution and oxidation.
Read More: Classification of Alcohol, Phenols and Ethers
Ethers are organic compounds that contain an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. They are characterized by their low boiling points and are often used as solvents. Ethers undergo various chemical reactions, including cleavage of the C-O bond and oxidation.
In summary, alcohols, phenols, and ethers have distinct chemical properties due to the presence of the hydroxyl or ether functional group. Understanding these properties is important for understanding their reactivity and potential applications in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and industry.