Question

Consider the expansion of the function \( f(x) = \dfrac{3}{(1 - x)(1 + 2x)} \) in powers of \( x \), valid in \( |x| < \dfrac{1}{2}. \) Then the coefficient of \( x^4 \) is ................

Hint:

When expanding rational functions, express each factor as a geometric series and multiply up to the required power.

Answer 1

Correct Answer: 33

Step 1: Expand each denominator as a power series. 
\[ \frac{1}{1 - x} = 1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + \cdots, \] \[ \frac{1}{1 + 2x} = 1 - 2x + 4x^2 - 8x^3 + 16x^4 - \cdots \]

Step 2: Multiply the two series. 
\[ f(x) = 3(1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + \cdots)(1 - 2x + 4x^2 - 8x^3 + 16x^4 - \cdots) \]

Step 3: Find coefficient of \( x^4 \). 
We take terms whose powers add to 4: \[ 1(16x^4) + x(-8x^3) + x^2(4x^2) + x^3(-2x) + x^4(1) \] \[ \Rightarrow 16 - 8 + 4 - 2 + 1 = 11. \] Hence, coefficient of \( x^4 \) in the product = \( 11 \), and multiplying by 3 gives \( 33. \) 

Final Answer: \[ \boxed{33} \]