PAT: The firm’s profits after taxes in Rs. crores,
ES: The firm’s employee strength, that is the number of employees in the firm, and PRD: The percentage of the firm’s PAT that they spend on Research and Development (R&D).
In the plots, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of point representing each firm gives their ES and PAT values respectively. The PRD values of each firm are proportional to the areas around the points representing each firm. The areas are comparable between the two plots, i.e., equal areas in the two plots represent the same PRD values for the two years.
Assume that the annual rate of growth in PAT over the previous year (ARG) remained constant over the years for each of the six firms. Which among the firms A, B, C, and E had the highest ARG?
- Firm B
- Firm C
- Firm E
- Firm A
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
To determine the firm with the highest ARG, we need to compare the increase in PAT from 2019 to 2023 for each firm.
Firm A: The increase in PAT is relatively small.
Firm B: The increase in PAT is significant, but not as much as Firm C.
Firm C: The increase in PAT is the most significant among the four firms.
Firm E: The increase in PAT is noticeable, but less than Firm C.
Therefore, Firm E had the highest ARG among the four firms.
The ratio of the amount of money spent by Firm C on R and D in 2019 to that in 2023 is closest to
- 9 : 4
- 9 : 5
- 5 : 6
- 5 : 9
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
To find the ratio of the amount of money spent on R and D by Firm C in 2019 and 2023, we need to compare the areas around the points representing Firm C in the two plots. Visually estimating the areas, we can see that the area around the point representing Firm C in 2023 is roughly twice the area around the point representing Firm C in 2019.
Therefore, the ratio of the amount of money spent on R and D by Firm C in 2019 to that in 2023 is approximately 1:2.
From the given options, the closest ratio to 1:2 is 2.9:5.
Which among the firms A, C, E, and F had the maximum PAT per employee in 2023?
- Firm A
- Firm F
- Firm E
- Firm C
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
To find the firm with the maximum PAT per employee in 2023, we need to compare the ratio of PAT to ES for each of the four firms.
Firm A: The point representing Firm A is relatively low on the graph, indicating a lower PAT per employee.
Firm F: The point representing Firm F is also relatively low.
Firm E: The point representing Firm E is higher than A and F, but still lower than C.
Firm C: The point representing Firm C is the highest among the four firms, indicating the highest PAT per employee.
Therefore, Firm C had the maximum PAT per employee in 2023.
Which among the firms C, D, E, and F had the least amount of R and D spending per employee in 2023?
- Firm E
- Firm F
- Firm C
- Firm D
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
To determine the firm with the least R and D spending per employee in 2023, we need to compare the ratio of R and D spending to the number of employees for each firm.
Firm C: The area around the point representing Firm C is relatively large, indicating a higher R andD spending.
Firm D: The area around the point representing Firm D is relatively small, indicating a lower R and D spending.
Firm E: The area around the point representing Firm E is moderate.
Firm F: The area around the point representing Firm F is also moderate.
Considering the number of employees (ES) for each firm, we can see that Firm D has a relatively low R andD spending per employee compared to the other three firms.
Therefore, Firm D had the least amount of R andD spending per employee in 2023.
Top Questions on Data Analysis
- The figure below shows a network with three parallel roads represented by horizontal lines R-A, R-B, and R-C and another three parallel roads represented by vertical lines V1, V2, and V3. The figure also shows the distance (in km) between two adjacent intersections. Six ATMs are placed at six of the nine road intersections. Each ATM has a distinct integer cash requirement (in Rs. Lakhs), and the numbers at the end of each line in the figure indicate the total cash requirements of all ATMs placed on the corresponding road. For example, the total cash requirement of the ATM(s) placed on road R-A is Rs. 22 Lakhs.
The following additional information is known.
The ATMs with the minimum and maximum cash requirements of Rs. 7 Lakhs and Rs. 15 Lakhs are placed on the same road.
The road distance between the ATM with the second highest cash requirement and the ATM located at the intersection of R-C and V3 is 12 km.
- The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are placed in ten slots of the following grid based on the conditions below
1. Numbers in any row appear in an increasing order from left to right.
2. Numbers in any column appear in a decreasing order from top to bottom.
3. 1 is placed either in the same row or in the same column as 10.
4. Neither 2 nor 3 is placed in the same row or in the same column as 10.
5. Neither 7 nor 8 is placed in the same row or in the same column as 9.
6. 4 and 6 are placed in the same row. - Eight gymnastics players numbered 1 through 8 underwent a training camp where they were coached by three coaches - Xena, Yuki, and Zara. Each coach trained at least two players. Yuki trained only even numbered players, while Zara trained only odd numbered players. After the camp, the coaches evaluated the players and gave integer ratings to the respective players trained by them on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 being the lowest rating and 7 the highest.
The following additional information is known.
1. Xena trained more players than Yuki.
2. Player-1 and Player-4 were trained by the same coach, while the coaches who trained Player-2, Player-3 and Player-5 were all different.
3. Player-5 and Player-7 were trained by the same coach and got the same rating. All other players got a unique rating.
4. The average of the ratings of all the players was 4.
5. Player-2 got the highest rating.
6. The average of the ratings of the players trained by Yuki was twice that of the players trained by Xena and two more than that of the players trained by Zara.
7. Player-4's rating was double of Player-8's and less than Player-5's. - The chart below shows the price data for seven shares – A, B, C, D, E, F, and G as a candlestick plot for a particular day. The vertical axis shows the price of the share in rupees. A share whose closing price (price at the end of the day) is more than its opening price (price at the start of the day) is called a bullish share; otherwise, it is called a bearish share. All bullish and bearish shares are shown in green and red colour respectively.
- The game of QUIET is played between two teams. Six teams, numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, play in a QUIET tournament. These teams are divided equally into two groups. In the tournament, each team plays every other team in the same group only once, and each team in the other group exactly twice. The tournament has several rounds, each of which consists of a few games. Every team plays exactly one game in each round.
The following additional facts are known about the schedule of games in the tournament.
1. Each team played against a team from the other group in Round 8.
2. In Round 4 and Round 7, the match-ups, that is the pair of teams playing against each other, were identical. In Round 5 and Round 8, the match ups were identical.
3. Team 4 played Team 6 in both Round 1 and Round 2.
4. Team 1 played Team 5 ONLY once and that was in Round 2.
5. Team 3 played Team 4 in Round 3. Team 1 played Team 6 in Round 6.
6. In Round 8, Team 3 played Team 6, while Team 2 played Team 5.
Questions Asked in CAT exam
- The sum of all real values of $k$ for which $(\frac{1}{8})^k \times (\frac{1}{32768})^{\frac{4}{3}} = \frac{1}{8} \times (\frac{1}{32768})^{\frac{k}{3}}$ is
- CAT - 2024
- Logarithms
- Amal and Vimal together can complete a task in 150 days, while Vimal and Sunil together can complete the same task in 100 days. Amal starts working on the task and works for 75 days, then Vimal takes over and works for 135 days. Finally, Sunil takes over and completes the remaining task in 45 days. If Amal had started the task alone and worked on all days, Vimal had worked on every second day, and Sunil had worked on every third day, then the number of days required to complete the task would have been
- CAT - 2024
- Time and Work
- Gopi marks a price on a product in order to make 20% profit. Ravi gets 10% discount on this marked price, and thus saves Rs 15. Then, the profit, in rupees, made by Gopi by selling the product to Ravi, is
- CAT - 2024
- Profit and Loss
- Sam can complete a job in 20 days when working alone. Mohit is twice as fast as Sam and thrice as fast as Ayana in the same job. They undertake a job with an arrangement where Sam and Mohit work together on the first day, Sam and Ayana on the second day, Mohit and Ayana on the third day, and this three-day pattern is repeated till the work gets completed. Then, the fraction of total work done by Sam is
- CAT - 2024
- Time and Work
- The number of all positive integers up to 500 with non-repeating digits is
- CAT - 2024
- Number Systems