Question

Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.

Answer 1

Alveoli		Nephrons
(i)	Alveoli are tiny balloon-like	(i)	Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys. structures present inside the lungs.
(ii)	The walls of the alveoli are one long renal tube. It also contains a cluster of thin-walled cell thick and it contains capillaries	(ii)	Nephrons are made of glomerulus, bowman’s capsule

CO₂ takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the (i) The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery which alveoli and the gases present in the branches into many capillaries in the glomerulus. The water alveoli and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule.

Then the filtrate moves through the proximal tubule and then down into the loop of henle. From Henle's loop, filtrate passes into the distal tubule and then to the collecting duct. The collecting duct collects the urine from many nephrons and passes it to the ureter. During the flow of filtrate, some substances such as glucose, amino acids and water are selectively reabsorbed.