Question

Comment upon the following:
Recombinant DNA Technology

Hint:

Recombinant DNA technology revolutionized biotechnology by allowing scientists to alter genetic makeup for medical, agricultural, and industrial benefits.

Answer 1

Recombinant DNA Technology (rDNA technology) involves joining DNA molecules from different species and inserting them into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations. It is a powerful tool of modern biotechnology. 

Steps of Recombinant DNA Technology: \[\begin{array}{rl} 1. & \text{Isolation of DNA: The desired gene is identified and isolated.} \\ 2. & \text{Cutting of DNA: Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sites.} \\ 3. & \text{Insertion into Vector: The gene is inserted into a vector (plasmid).} \\ 4. & \text{Transfer to Host: The recombinant vector is introduced into a host organism (like bacteria).} \\ 5. & \text{Expression and Cloning: The host expresses the foreign gene and produces the desired protein in large amounts.} \\ \end{array}\] 

Applications: - Production of insulin, growth hormones, interferons. - Development of genetically modified crops (Bt cotton, Golden rice). - Gene therapy for treating genetic disorders.