Cobalt $(60)$ isotope is used in the treatment of :
- Heart diseases
- Skin diseases
- Diabetes
- Cancer
The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
Approach Solution -2
Ans:Cobalt- 60 is widely used during radiation therapy, that will help in the treatment of cancer.
Cobalt-60 is the radioactive isotope and emits gamma rays. They have a high penetration capacity, and they can be used to target the cancer cells and thus destroy them. The Gamma radiation released from cobalt-60 can be controlled so that more precise treatment of cancer. It will affect the DNA of the cancer cells.
There is a separate machine called cobalt therapy units or cobalt machine that can be used for the precise use of the rays to treat cancer. But due to its radioactive property, it should be handled properly.
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![1/2 Mn2 (CO)10+Na Na[Mn(CO)5 ] CH3Cl-NaCl [CH3Mn(CO)5](https://images.collegedunia.com/public/qa/images/content/2024_07_31/image_a08f12a11722411541392.png)
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Concepts Used:
d block elements
The elements, in the columns of the periodic table in which d subshells are being occupied are known as d block elements.
These are the elements that have the capability of forming stable cations with incompletely filled d orbitals. Elements like mercury and Zinc are not considered transition metals because they have electronic configurations: (n-1)d10 ns2. These elements have filled d-orbitals in their ground state and, therefore, even in some of their oxidation states.
General Properties Of d-Block Elements
- Multiple oxidation states- The oxidation states of d block elements show very few energy gaps; therefore, they exhibit many oxidation states. Also, the energy difference between s and d orbital is very less. Therefore both the electrons are involved in ionic and covalent bond formation, which ultimately leads to multiple oxidation states.
- Formation of complex compounds- Ligands show a binding behaviour and can form so many stable complexes with the help of transition metals. This property is mainly due to:
- Availability of vacant d orbitals.
- Comparatively small sizes of metals.
- Hardness- Transition elements are tough and have high densities because of the presence of unpaired electrons.
- Melting and boiling points- Melting and boiling points of transition are very high. This is because of the presence of unpaired electrons and partially filled d orbitals. Because of these two things, they form strong bonds and therefore have high melting and boiling points.
- Atomic radii- The atomic and ionic radius of the transition elements decreases as we move from Group 3 to group 6. However, it remains the same between group 7 and group 10, and from group 11 to group 12 increases.
- Ionization enthalpy- The ionization enthalpies of the transition elements are generally on the greater side as compared to the S block elements