Question

Centrifugal pumps transfer energy from _________

• A. rotor to fluid
• B. fluid to rotor
• C. draft to rotor
• D. rotor to draft

Hint:

In centrifugal pumps, always remember: energy is imparted by the rotor to the fluid through centrifugal action.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Centrifugal pumps are widely used for transporting fluids by converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.
In a centrifugal pump, a rotating impeller (also called the rotor) spins inside the pump casing. As the rotor spins, it imparts kinetic energy to the fluid by centrifugal force. This energy is then converted to pressure energy as the fluid flows through the diffuser or volute section of the pump.
The essential energy transfer process in a centrifugal pump is:
\[ \text{Mechanical energy (from rotor)} \rightarrow \text{Kinetic energy (in fluid)} \rightarrow \text{Pressure energy (in fluid)} \]
Hence, the energy is clearly transferred from the rotor to the fluid.
Let’s evaluate the other options:
- (2) Fluid to rotor — incorrect; the rotor drives the fluid, not the other way around.
- (3) Draft to rotor — unrelated terminology in the context of centrifugal pumps.
- (4) Rotor to draft — also incorrect; “draft” isn't an energy recipient in this case.
Thus, option (1) correctly describes the energy transfer in centrifugal pumps.