Calcitonin is a peptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid gland. Its primary function is to regulate blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity, thereby reducing bone resorption and lowering calcium concentrations in the bloodstream. This hormone is particularly important in preventing hypercalcemia.
In a deer species that lives in groups, some individuals act as sentinels and are vigilant for predators but there is a trade-off between foraging and vigilance. A researcher collects data on the foraging rates of edge (black) and central (grey) members of the group in two similar forests, one with and one without predators. Which one of the following figures best supports the hypothesis that members at the edge are acting as sentinels in this deer species?