Question:
Butyne-1 and butyne-2 can be distinguished by:
Butyne-1 and butyne-2 can be distinguished by:
Updated On: Jun 7, 2022
- Benedicts reagent
- alkaline $ KMn{{O}_{4}} $
- ammonical cuprous chloride
- bromine water
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Butyne-1 and butyne-2 can be distinguished by using ammonical cuprous chloride as only butyne-1 reacts with this reagent to give red ppt. (because it contains active hydrogen) while butyne-2 does not react with it. $ C{{H}_{3}}--C{{H}_{2}}--C\equiv \equiv CH\xrightarrow[\underset{\text{red}\,\text{ppt}\text{.}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}\cdot C{{H}_{2}}C\equiv \equiv C\cdot Cu\,\downarrow }}\,]{C{{u}_{2}}C{{l}_{2}}/N{{H}_{4}}OH} $ $ C{{H}_{3}}--C\equiv \equiv C--C{{H}_{3}}\underset{\text{no}\,\text{reaction}}{\mathop{\xrightarrow{C{{u}_{2}}C{{l}_{2}}/N{{H}_{4}}OH}}}\, $
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Concepts Used:
Alkynes
In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Alkynes are an organic molecule that contains triple bonds between the carbon atoms. Its general formula is CnH2n-2. They are also known as acetylenes. In this article, we will deal with the structure of alkynes.
Isomerism in Alkynes:
Alkynes show three types of isomerism
- Chain isomerism - Due to the different arrangement of carbon atoms in the chain that is straight chain or branched.
- Position isomerism - Due to the difference in the location of the triple bond.
- Functional isomerism - Isomeric with alkadienes both being represented by the general formula CnH2n-1.
Properties of Alkynes:
Physical Properties:
- Non-polar, unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Highly soluble in organic and non-polar solvents and slightly soluble in polar solvents.
- High boiling point, in comparison to other hydrocarbons.
- Release a high amount of energy due to the repulsion of electrons in a reaction.
- More acidic than alkanes and alkenes due to SP hybridization.
Chemical Properties:
- Hydrogenation - Alkynes undergoes two types of hydrogenation reactions. Complete hydrogenation (in presence of Pd-C/ H2) and partial hydrogenation (in presence of Linder’s catalyst/H2).
- Act as a strong nucleophile by converting into acetylide.
- React with BH3 and undergo hydroboration reactions to form aldehydes and ketones.
- Undergo halogenation reactions in the presence of different halogenating agents by different mechanisms and forms haloalkanes.