Question

Bronchial thermoplasty.

Hint:

Bronchial thermoplasty is a valuable treatment option for severe asthma, but it should be carefully considered in consultation with a specialist, as not all patients are suitable candidates.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding Bronchial Thermoplasty.
Bronchial thermoplasty is a procedure used to treat severe asthma, particularly in patients who do not respond to standard medications. It involves the application of controlled thermal energy to the airways to reduce the smooth muscle mass, which is responsible for airway constriction during asthma attacks. By reducing smooth muscle, the procedure aims to prevent bronchospasm and improve lung function.

Step 2: How Bronchial Thermoplasty Works.
The procedure is performed in three sessions, each targeting different sections of the lungs. During each session, a catheter is inserted into the bronchi via a flexible bronchoscope. The catheter then delivers controlled heat to the airway walls, causing the smooth muscle to shrink and the airways to become more dilated, thereby improving airflow.

Step 3: Benefits and Risks.
- Benefits:
$\,$ - Reduces the frequency of asthma attacks.
$\,$ - Improves quality of life for patients with severe asthma.
$\,$ - Decreases the need for emergency interventions like hospital visits.
- Risks:
$\,$ - Bronchial thermoplasty may cause temporary worsening of asthma symptoms following each session.
$\,$ - It is not suitable for all asthma patients, especially those with other lung diseases or conditions like emphysema.

Step 4: Conclusion.
Bronchial thermoplasty is an innovative treatment option for patients with severe asthma who have not responded well to standard medications. It provides long-term benefits by reducing asthma symptoms and preventing exacerbations.