Question

(b) Explain the role of various archaeologists in the discovery of Harappa.

Hint:

The efforts of archaeologists like Marshall and Wheeler provided a detailed understanding of Harappan urban culture.

Answer 1

The discovery of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro marked a breakthrough in understanding ancient Indian history:
1. Alexander Cunningham: In the 19th century, Cunningham discovered Harappan seals and connected them to an ancient culture.
2. Daya Ram Sahni: In 1921, he led excavations at Harappa, unveiling the urban culture.
3. R.D. Banerji: His excavations at Mohenjo-Daro in 1922 revealed its significance as a major Harappan city.
4. John Marshall: As Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India, he ensured systematic excavations and documented findings.
5. Mortimer Wheeler: He emphasized stratigraphy and contributed to refining excavation techniques at Harappan sites.
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