The acidic strength of oxoacids increases with the number of oxygen atoms attached to the central atom. This is because more oxygen atoms stabilize the conjugate base through resonance.
• HOCl has one oxygen atom
• HOClO has two oxygen atoms
• HOClO2 has three oxygen atoms
• HOClO3 has four oxygen atoms.
The order of increasing acid strength is HOCl <HOClO <HOClO2 <HOClO3. The higher the number of oxygen atoms, the greater the resonance and stabilization of the conjugate base, and thus a stronger acid.
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