Question:

Arrange the following as per the stages of the demographic transition model:
(A) Population growth is slow due to high birth and high death rate.
(B) Fertility remains high, but mortality declines at a faster pace.
(C) Fertility declines at a faster pace, but mortality declines gradually.
(D) Population growth is slow due to low birth and low death rate.

Updated On: May 14, 2025

(A), (B), (C), (D)
(A), (C), (B), (D)
(D), (B), (C), (A)
(D), (C), (B), (A)

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The Correct Option is A

Approach Solution - 1

The demographic transition model consists of four key stages that represent changes in population growth over time. Here's how the given options correspond to each stage:

Stage 1: Population growth is slow due to high birth and high death rate. (Option A)
Stage 2: Fertility remains high, but mortality declines at a faster pace. (Option B)
Stage 3: Fertility declines at a faster pace, but mortality declines gradually. (Option C)
Stage 4: Population growth is slow due to low birth and low death rate. (Option D)

Therefore, the correct sequence that matches the stages of the demographic transition model is (A), (B), (C), (D).

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Approach Solution -2

The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) describes the transformation of a country's population structure through four stages, based on birth and death rates:

(A) Population growth is slow due to high birth and high death rate: This corresponds to Stage 1 of the demographic transition, where both birth rates and death rates are high, resulting in a stable or slow-growing population.
(B) Fertility remains high, but mortality declines at a faster pace: This corresponds to Stage 2, where the death rate begins to fall due to improvements in healthcare and sanitation, but the birth rate remains high, resulting in rapid population growth.
(C) Fertility declines at a faster pace, but mortality declines gradually: This corresponds to Stage 3, where the birth rate starts to decline rapidly, and the death rate continues to fall, leading to a slowing of population growth.
(D) Population growth is slow due to low birth and low death rate: This corresponds to Stage 4, where both birth and death rates are low, leading to a stable or slow-growing population.

Thus, the stages follow the sequence: (A) → (B) → (C) → (D). Therefore, the correct answer is (A): (A), (B), (C), (D).

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Top Questions on The Demographic Structure

Match the following concepts (List-I) with their appropriate definitions (List-II):

List-I (Concept)	List-II (Definition)
(A) Age structure	(I) Larger proportion of workers relative to non-workers
(B) Demographic dividend	(II) Persons in different age groups relative to the total population
(C) Population momentum	(III) Where a large cohort of women of reproductive age will fuel population growth over the next generation, even if each woman has fewer children than previous generations did
(D) Dependency ratio	(IV) Measure of comparing the proportion of non-working age group to working age group

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

CUET (UG) - 2024
Sociology
The Demographic Structure

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Read the following passage and answer the question given below:
Demographic transition theory can be used to describe and predict the future population of any area. The theory tells us that the population of any region changes from high births and high deaths to low births and low deaths as society progresses from rural agrarian and illiterate to urban industrial and literate society. These changes occur in stages which are collectively known as the demographic cycle. In the first stage, there are high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply. The population growth is slow and most of the people are engaged in agriculture where large families are an asset. Life expectancy is low, people are mostly illiterate and have low levels of technology. Two hundred years ago all the countries of the world were in this stage. Fertility remains high in the beginning of the second stage but it declines with time. This is accompanied by a reduced mortality rate. Improvements in sanitation and health
conditions lead to a decline in mortality. Because of this gap, the net addition to the population is high. In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably. The population is either stable or grows slowly. The population becomes urbanised, literate and has high technical know-how and deliberately controls family size. This shows that human beings are extremely flexible and are able to adjust their fertility. In the present day, different countries are at different stages of demographic transition.
- CUET (UG) - 2024
- Geography
- The Demographic Structure
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