Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the question given below:
Demographic transition theory can be used to describe and predict the future population of any area. The theory tells us that the population of any region changes from high births and high deaths to low births and low deaths as society progresses from rural agrarian and illiterate to urban industrial and literate society. These changes occur in stages which are collectively known as the demographic cycle. In the first stage, there are high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply. The population growth is slow and most of the people are engaged in agriculture where large families are an asset. Life expectancy is low, people are mostly illiterate and have low levels of technology. Two hundred years ago all the countries of the world were in this stage. Fertility remains high in the beginning of the second stage but it declines with time. This is accompanied by a reduced mortality rate. Improvements in sanitation and health
conditions lead to a decline in mortality. Because of this gap, the net addition to the population is high. In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably. The population is either stable or grows slowly. The population becomes urbanised, literate and has high technical know-how and deliberately controls family size. This shows that human beings are extremely flexible and are able to adjust their fertility. In the present day, different countries are at different stages of demographic transition.

Question: 1

All stages of demographic transition represent ______.

Updated On: Nov 2, 2024
  • demographic platforms
  • demographic dividend
  • population explosion
  • demographic cycle
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The stages of demographic transition are collectively known as the demographic cycle, reflecting the progression of population dynamics over time.
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Question: 2

With reference to demographic transition theory, which of the following is NOT correct?

Updated On: Nov 2, 2024
  • It can describe and predict the future population of any area.
  • Fertility remains high in the beginning of the second stage.
  • The first stage has high fertility and high mortality.
  • Life expectancy is very high in the first stage.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

In the first stage of demographic transition, life expectancy is low due to high mortality rates from factors such as disease and poor nutrition.
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Question: 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of the second stage of demographic transition?

Updated On: Nov 2, 2024
  • Fertility declines with time.
  • Fertility remains constant.
  • Fertility remains low initially but increases later on.
  • Population is either stable or grows slowly.
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

In the second stage, while fertility remains high initially, it declines with time as improvements in health and sanitation reduce mortality rates.
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Question: 4

Which of the following statement is correct?

Updated On: Nov 2, 2024
  • Human beings are extremely rigid and are unable to adjust their fertility.
  • The population is not stable and grows very fast in the last stage of demographic transition.
  • People deliberately do not control the family size in the last stage of demographic transition.
  • At present, different countries are at different stages of demographic transition.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Different countries exhibit different characteristics and challenges at distinct stages of demographic transition.
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Question: 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the last stage of demographic transition?

Updated On: Nov 2, 2024
  • Low fertility
  • Low mortality.
  • High level of technology
  • Low level of urbanisation
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The last stage of demographic transition typically features high levels of urbanisation, as populations become more urbanized due to better living conditions and infrastructure.
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