Question

Match the following concepts (List-I) with their appropriate definitions (List-II):

List-I (Concept)	List-II (Definition)
(A) Age structure	(I) Larger proportion of workers relative to non-workers
(B) Demographic dividend	(II) Persons in different age groups relative to the total population
(C) Population momentum	(III) Where a large cohort of women of reproductive age will fuel population growth over the next generation, even if each woman has fewer children than previous generations did
(D) Dependency ratio	(IV) Measure of comparing the proportion of non-working age group to working age group

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
• B. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
• C. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
• D. (A)-(II), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To solve this matching problem, let's analyze each concept in List-I and find its corresponding definition in List-II based on meanings:

• (A) Age structure: This refers to the distribution of the population across different age groups. Therefore, it matches with (II) "Persons in different age groups relative to the total population."
• (B) Demographic dividend: This concept is about the economic benefits that arise from a change in a population's age structure, specifically when there is a larger proportion of workers compared to non-workers. It matches with (I) "Larger proportion of workers relative to non-workers."
• (C) Population momentum: This occurs when a population continues to grow despite a decrease in fertility rates, primarily because a large cohort of women reaches reproductive age. This matches with (III) "Where a large cohort of women of reproductive age will fuel population growth over the next generation, even if each woman has fewer children than previous generations did."
• (D) Dependency ratio: This is a measure used to quantify the ratio of individuals who are typically not in the workforce (the dependent part ages 0-14 and 65+) compared to those who are of working age. Hence, it corresponds to (IV) "Measure of comparing the proportion of non-working age group to working age group."

Thus, the correct matching is: (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

Answer 2

Here is the correct matching of concepts with their definitions:

• (A) Age structure: Refers to the distribution of people in different age groups relative to the total population. This matches with (II).
• (B) Demographic dividend: Refers to a period in a country when the working-age population is large relative to the dependent (non-working) population. This matches with (I).
• (C) Population momentum: Refers to the continued population growth that occurs even after fertility rates decline, due to a large cohort of women of reproductive age. This matches with (IV).
• (D) Dependency ratio: This is the ratio of non-working individuals (such as children and elderly people) to working-age people (the labor force). This matches with (III).

Thus, the correct answer is (1): (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III).