Comprehension

Answer the following question.
A professor keeps data on students tabulated by performance and sex of the student . The data is kept on a computer disk, but unfortunately some of it is lost because of a virus. Only the following could be recovered :

Panic buttons were pressed but to no avail. An expert committee was formed, which decided that the following facts were self evident:
Half the students were either excellent or good.
40% of the students were females.
One third of the male students were average.

Question: 1

How many students were both female and excellent?

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Always use the percentage data to first find the total and gender-wise split, then allocate categories step by step using table values.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2025
  • 0
  • 8
  • 16
  • 32
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Let the total number of students be \( x \).
40% of students were females, so the number of female students is \( 0.4x \).
From the table, we know the number of female students is 32.
So, \( 0.4x = 32 \), which gives \( x = 80 \).
Hence, total students = 80.
Half of the students were either excellent or good, so 40 students were excellent or good.
From the table: total good = 30, total excellent = 10. This matches.
The number of male students who were excellent is 10 (from the table).
Therefore, the number of female students who were excellent is \( 10 - 10 = 0 \).
So, the number of students both female and excellent is \boxed{0}.
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Question: 2

How many students were both male and good?

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Distribute students category-wise by subtracting the known values. Always keep track of total gender count first.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2025
  • 10
  • 16
  • 22
  • 48
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

From Q167, total students = 80
Female students = 32, so male students = 80 - 32 = 48
One-third of male students were average: \( \frac{1}{3} \times 48 = 16 \)
Number of male students who were excellent = 10 (from table)
Remaining male students are good = \( 48 - 16 - 10 = 22 \)
So, the number of students who were both male and good is \boxed{22}.
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Question: 3

Among average students, what was the ratio of male to female?

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Use given percentages and proportion rules to break down sub-groups. Always cross-check with the totals provided.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2025
  • 1 : 2
  • 2 : 1
  • 3 : 2
  • 2 : 3
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Total students = 50
Males = 60% of 50 = 30
Females = 40% of 50 = 20
1/3 of male students are average
Average males = 1/3 × 30 = 10
Total average students = 25 (from table)
Average females = 25 - 10 = 15
Ratio of male to female among average = 10 : 15 = 2 : 3
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Question: 4

What proportion of female students were good?

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Always double-check how the subcategories fit within the total group count.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2025
  • 0
  • 0.25
  • 0.5
  • 1.0
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Total students = 50
Total females = 40% of 50 = 20
We know total good students = 30 (from table)
From earlier, male good = 10
Female good = 30 - 10 = 20
But total females = 20, and that includes both good and average
So let female good = 5, then female average = 15
Proportion = 5 / 20 = 0.25
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Question: 5

What proportion of good students were male?

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Pay attention to total vs subgroup counts—especially when calculating ratios or proportions.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2025
  • 0
  • 0.73
  • 0.4
  • 1.0
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Total good students = 30
Male good = 22
Proportion = 22 / 30 = 0.733...
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