Question

Analyze different stages of Demographic Transition Theory.

Hint:

Consider how birth and death rates change with societal development.

Answer 1

Stage 1 (High Stationary): High birth and death rates; slow, fluctuating population growth; pre-industrial societies; high infant/child mortality.

Stage 2 (Early Expanding): Falling death rates (improved sanitation, healthcare, food); high birth rates; rapid population growth.

Stage 3 (Late Expanding): Declining birth rates (education, urbanization, family planning); continuing decline in death rates (but slower); population growth continues but slows down.

Stage 4 (Low Stationary): Low birth and death rates; stable population; birth rates fluctuate around replacement level; associated with advanced economies.

Stage 5 (Declining): Birth rates below replacement level; low death rates; shrinking population; some highly developed nations.