

In the first configuration (1) as shown in the figure, four identical charges \( q_0 \) are kept at the corners A, B, C and D of square of side length \( a \). In the second configuration (2), the same charges are shifted to mid points C, E, H, and F of the square. If \( K = \frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0} \), the difference between the potential energies of configuration (2) and (1) is given by:
Alcohol is a derivative of water (H2O) that has one, two, or more hydroxyl groups that are attached to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon chain (an alkyl group). It is one of the most common organic compounds used in sweeteners, fragrances, and medicine.
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