Question

Among the following, which is/are the process(es) that lead to generation of new fats from existing ones?

• A. Transesterification
• B. Degumming
• C. Hydrogenation
• D. Winterization

Hint:

Remember: - \textbf{Transesterification} and \textbf{Hydrogenation} → chemical modification (new fats). - \textbf{Degumming} and \textbf{Winterization} → purification/separation (no new fats).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, C

Step 1: Recall definition of each process.
- Transesterification: Process where fatty acid esters are rearranged or exchanged between triglycerides and alcohols (e.g., methanol). Produces new fats/oils such as biodiesel or structured lipids. Clearly generates new fats from existing ones. - Degumming: A refining step to remove phospholipids (gums) from crude oil. It improves purity but does not generate new fats. - Hydrogenation: Addition of hydrogen to unsaturated fats, converting double bonds into single bonds. Produces new fats (e.g., margarine, shortening) from oils by altering saturation. - Winterization: A process of cooling oils to crystallize and remove high-melting triglycerides. It separates existing fats but does not chemically generate new fats.

Step 2: Identify which processes form new fats.
- Transesterification → Yes (new fats formed).
- Degumming → No (purification only).
- Hydrogenation → Yes (changes degree of saturation, creates new fats).
- Winterization → No (fractionation, not synthesis).

Step 3: Conclude.
The processes that generate new fats from existing ones are Transesterification and Hydrogenation. Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{(A) and (C)}} \]