Among the following, the conformation that corresponds to the most stable conformation of meso-butane-$2,3$-diol is
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Meso-butane-2,3-diol is a compound with two hydroxyl groups (-OH) located on the second and third carbon atoms of a butane chain. It also contains two methyl groups (-Me) attached to the first and fourth carbon atoms.
Step 2: Analyzing the Conformation
The molecule can adopt different conformations based on the relative positioning of the substituents (-OH and -Me). The goal is to find the conformation with the lowest steric hindrance and torsional strain.
Step 3: Staggered Conformation
In a staggered conformation, the atoms or groups attached to the carbon atoms are positioned as far apart from each other as possible, minimizing repulsion. This is generally the most stable conformation for alkanes and related compounds.
Step 4: Anti Conformation of -OH and -Me Groups
In the most stable conformation, the bulky -OH and -Me groups should be positioned in an **anti** arrangement (opposite to each other), so they do not experience direct steric clashes. The -OH groups, as well as the -Me groups, are positioned as far apart as possible.
Step 5: Conclusion
The conformation that corresponds to the most stable conformation of meso-butane-2,3-diol is the one where both the -OH groups are anti to each other, and the -Me groups are also anti to each other, minimizing steric hindrance and maximizing stability.
Meso compounds have a plane of symmetry. In case of butan-2, 3-diol, gauche form is the most stable due to intramolecular H-bonding.
The correct answer is option (B): 
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Concepts Used:
Solid State
Solids are substances that are featured by a definite shape, volume, and high density. In the solid-state, the composed particles are arranged in several manners. Solid-state, in simple terms, means "no moving parts." Thus solid-state electronic devices are the ones inclusive of solid components that don’t change their position. Solid is a state of matter where the composed particles are arranged close to each other. The composed particles can be either atoms, molecules, or ions.
Types of Solids:
Based on the nature of the order that is present in the arrangement of their constituent particles solids can be divided into two types;
- Amorphous solids behave the same as super cool liquids due to the arrangement of constituent particles in short-range order. They are isotropic and have a broad melting point (range is about greater than 5°C).
- Crystalline solids have a fixed shape and the constituent particles are arranged in a long-range order.