Question

Among the following outermost electronic configurations of transition metals, which one shows the highest oxidation state?

• A. $3d^6\,4s^2$
• B. $3d^5\,4s^1$
• C. $3d^5\,4s^2$
• D. $3d^3\,4s^2$

Hint:

For highest oxidation states, look for maximum unpaired \textit{d}-electrons — half-filled \textit{d}-subshells are especially stable and reactive.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The $3d^5\,4s^1$ configuration corresponds to Chromium, which can achieve its highest oxidation state of +6 (as in $CrO_3$ or chromates). This is higher than the oxidation states possible with the other given configurations.