After the implementation of economic reforms, Pakistan experienced slowdown of growth due to various reasons including _________ .
(Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank):
[(i)] Volatile performance of the agriculture sector.
[(ii)] Over-dependence on remittances from abroad.
[(iii)] Political instability
Volatile agriculture sector: Pakistan’s agriculture sector experienced significant fluctuations, leading to an unstable economy and reduced investor confidence.
Over-dependence on remittances: The country's economic stability heavily relied on remittances from abroad rather than domestic productivity and industrialization.
Political instability: Frequent changes in government and lack of long-term economic policies created an uncertain business environment, discouraging foreign and domestic investments.

Draw a rough sketch for the curve $y = 2 + |x + 1|$. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the curve $y = 2 + |x + 1|$, $x = -4$, $x = 3$, and $y = 0$.
Study the given molecular structure of double-stranded polynucleotide chain of DNA and answer the questions that follow. 
(a) How many phosphodiester bonds are present in the given double-stranded polynucleotide chain?
(b) How many base pairs are there in each helical turn of double helix structure of DNA? Also write the distance between a base pair in a helix.
(c) In addition to H-bonds, what confers additional stability to the helical structure of DNA?
