
The life cycle of a butterfly is an interesting and intricate process that involves four distinct stages: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and adult (butterfly). The process begins when a butterfly lays its eggs on a suitable plant. The eggs hatch into larvae, which are commonly known as caterpillars.
During the larval stage, caterpillars feed voraciously, growing rapidly. Once they reach a certain size, they enter the pupa stage, where they form a chrysalis. Inside the chrysalis, the caterpillar undergoes a transformation, eventually emerging as an adult butterfly.
This process is a clear example of metamorphosis, where the organism completely changes its form. Comparing this with other insects, butterflies undergo complete metamorphosis, unlike some insects that only go through gradual metamorphosis. The entire life cycle of a butterfly takes several weeks, and it serves as a crucial part of nature’s cycle, contributing to pollination.
The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.
In investigating memory-beliefs, there are certain points which must be borne in mind. In the first place, everything constituting a memory-belief is happening now, not in that past time to which the belief is said to refer. It is not logically necessary to the existence of a memory-belief that the event remembered should have occurred, or even that the past should have existed at all. There is no logical impossibility in the hypothesis that the world sprang into being five minutes ago, exactly as it then was, with a population that "remembered" a wholly unreal past. There is no logically necessary connection between events at different times; therefore nothing that is happening now or will happen in the future can disprove the hypothesis that the world began five minutes ago. Hence the occurrences which are CALLED knowledge of the past are logically independent of the past; they are wholly analysable into present contents, which might, theoretically, be just what they are even if no past had existed.