Question

A primary objective in the development of Restoration thought was:

• A. to modify traditional Chinese society to reflect new conditions.
• B. to create a new society based on truth.
• C. the knowledge that Chinese conservatism is superior to western conservatism.
• D. the desire to familiarize China with military technology.

Hint:

When analyzing objectives in historical reforms, differentiate between complete replacement of systems and adaptive modification of existing ones.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The Restoration leaders sought to revive Confucian values and institutions, but they understood that some modifications were necessary for these traditions to survive in changing times.
They were not revolutionaries aiming to create an entirely new system, but conservatives working to adapt the old system to new realities.
Option (b) is incorrect — the goal was not to create a new society, but to preserve the best of the old with modifications.
Option (c) is incorrect — although the passage contrasts Chinese and Western conservatism, this was not presented as the main objective of the Restoration.
Option (d) is incorrect — while military capability was part of governance, the primary aim was political and social stability through adapted Confucian governance.
Thus, option (a) best captures the objective of adapting traditional Chinese society to meet new challenges.