Question

What is the correct sequence of number of papers written by B, C, E and G, respectively?

• A. 1, 2, 2, 3
• B. 1, 3, 3, 1
• C. 3, 1, 1, 3
• D. 1, 2, 2, 1
• A. Both the statements
• B. Only Statement B
• C. Only Statement A
• D. Neither of the statements
• A. Every issue had at least one paper by author(s) from Automation area.
• B. Every issue had exactly one paper by a Chinese author.
• C. Every issue had exactly two papers by authors from Logistics area.
• D. Every issue had exactly two papers by Indian authors.
• A. There were exactly two papers by authors from Manufacturing area in the January issue.
• B. There was exactly one paper by an author from Manufacturing area in the April issue.
• C. There was exactly one paper by an author from Logistics area in the October issue.
• D. There were exactly two papers by authors from Manufacturing area in the July issue.
• A. 6,5,7
• B. 6, 6, 6
• C. 6, 7, 5
• D. 5, 6, 7

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Research Paper Distribution 

To determine how many papers B, C, E, and G each wrote, we need to logically break down the information and constraints provided.

Step-by-Step Solution:

1. Total Papers and Initial Constraints:
   • There are 18 papers total, written by 8 authors (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H).
   • F wrote 1 paper (scheduled in October).
2. Distribution Based on the Ratio:
   • The total number of papers written by A, D, G, and H equals double the number written by B, C, E, and F. This gives the equation:
   • Since F wrote 1 paper, the total papers written by B, C, E, and F is:
   • Therefore, A + D + G + H = 12.
3. Constraints on Individual Authors:
   • F wrote 1 paper (in October), and A and D have specific month constraints:
     • A did not write in October, and D did not write in July.
     • A and H must be paired with papers across the months without conflicting with other scheduling constraints.
4. Conclusions on Paper Distribution:
   • B must have 1 paper (since it fits the required number of papers for Logistics).
   • C and E both wrote 2 papers each, as they are scheduled in non-consecutive issues, fitting the constraints.
   • G wrote 3 papers, as he was the only one left with a valid allocation after the constraints were applied.

Final Distribution:

The final number of papers written by each author is:

• B = 1 paper
• C = 2 papers
• E = 2 papers
• G = 3 papers

Conclusion:

The correct sequence of papers written by B, C, E, and G is: 1, 2, 2, 3.

Answer 2

Analysis of Papers Written by Indian Authors

1. The total number of papers is 18, with 8 authors contributing; each wrote between 1 and 3 papers.
2. Let the number of papers for each author be expressed as:
   • A = a
   • B = b
   • C = c
   • D = d
   • E = e
   • F = f
   • G = g
   • H = h
3. The sum of papers by A, D, G, and H is twice that of B, C, E, and F. Therefore: (a + d + g + h) = 2(b + c + e + f).
4. From clue 1, F wrote 1 paper, so f = 1.
5. Since A is from the Automation area and not in October, a ≠ f. If a ≤ 3, then a = 2 or 3.
6. From clue 7, B and G are from the same country. None of their papers are in the same issue. Therefore, b + g ≤ 3.
7. Clue 5: C and E are Chinese with equal papers. Let c = e.
8. The distribution knits together:
   • If c = e, and they must both be 1 or 2 (since each can write between 1 and 3 papers), their sum with B (1) and F (1) must total 5 papers. So, b + c + e + f = 5.
   • This leads to: a + d + g + h = 8.
9. Finally, let’s check nationality:
   • F is Indian.
   • B and G share a country (non-Indian). Therefore, B and G must be Japanese.
   • C and E are Chinese.
   • A is not Indian, so A, B, C, and E are non-Indians, meaning D and F are Indian authors (and H is also Indian).
10. Thus, authors D, F, G, and H are Indian. Therefore, the total papers by Indian authors are:
    • F = 1 paper
    • D = 3 papers
    • G = 3 papers
    • H = 1 paper

Conclusion:

Therefore, the total number of papers written by Indian authors is 8 papers.

Answer 3

To determine which statements must be true, we will break down the given information and evaluate each statement accordingly.

Given Information:

1. The journal plans to publish 18 papers across four issues: January, April, July, and October. The issue-wise schedule is:
   • 5 papers in January
   • 5 papers in April
   • 4 papers in July
   • 4 papers in October
2. Authors (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) wrote at least 1 paper and at most 3 papers each.
3. A, D, G, and H together wrote double the number of papers as B, C, E, and F.
4. Authors from India (4), Japan (2), and China (2) were distributed across the Manufacturing, Automation, and Logistics areas.
5. Detailed individual author and paper schedule constraints are provided.

Analysis of Statements:

Statement A:

"Every issue had at least one paper by author(s) from each country."

• Authors are split into countries: India (4), Japan (2), China (2).
• Each author has a set number of papers, and no more than one paper is scheduled per author per issue.
• Given the distribution across countries, it is feasible for every issue to have representation from each country, as authors from all countries (India, Japan, China) are scheduled to write across all issues.

Thus, Statement A must be true.

Statement B:

"Every issue had at most two papers by author(s) from each area."

• Given four authors in Logistics, two in Automation, and varying scheduling constraints, it is difficult to strictly limit to two per area due to several scheduling overlaps and constraints.
• Logistical placement might require more than two authors from the same area in some issues, potentially violating the area constraint.

Thus, Statement B need not be true, as it is not always possible to strictly adhere to this limitation.

Conclusion:

Based on the analysis, the statement that MUST be true is: Only Statement A.

Answer 4

The problem involves distributing 18 research papers written by 8 authors across 4 issues of a journal while adhering to a set of constraints. We need to determine which statement is false among the given options.

Let's analyze the given options based on the information provided:

1. Every issue had at least one paper by author(s) from the Automation area.
2. Every issue had exactly one paper by a Chinese author.
3. Every issue had exactly two papers by authors from the Logistics area.
4. Every issue had exactly two papers by Indian authors.

Step 1: Identify key information.

• The authors belong to three areas: Manufacturing, Automation, and Logistics.
• A total of 4 authors are from the Logistics area and 2 from the Automation area.
• No author can have more than one paper in the same issue.
• A, from the Automation area, did not have a paper in October.
• F, from the Logistics area, had exactly one paper in October.

Step 2: Determine paper distribution by issue.

• January: 5 papers
• April: 5 papers
• July: 4 papers
• October: 4 papers

Step 3: Analyze each statement.

1. Every issue had at least one paper by author(s) from the Automation area:

• There are 2 authors in the Automation area, A and another unspecified author. It's feasible to distribute these authors' papers so each issue has at least one paper from the Automation area.

2. Every issue had exactly one paper by a Chinese author:

• There are 2 Chinese authors, C and E, and it's possible to alternate their papers across issues (given they have the same number of papers).

3. Every issue had exactly two papers by authors from the Logistics area:

• There are 4 authors in the Logistics area. However, distributing exactly two papers from Logistics in each issue can be problematic because both January and April need to accommodate more authors while September and October can accommodate fewer. This results in an uneven distribution possibility.

4. Every issue had exactly two papers by Indian authors:

• All Indian authors are from either Automation or Logistics, so it's feasible to maintain this distribution given the presence of 4 Indian authors.

Conclusion: Option 3, "Every issue had exactly two papers by authors from Logistics area," is false because the planning and constraints make it difficult to maintain this without violating other distribution principles.

Answer 5

"There were exactly two papers by authors from the Manufacturing area in the July issue." Let’s break down the logic step-by-step:

Given Constraints:

• Total papers = 18, distributed across the months as follows:
  • January - 5
  • April - 5
  • July - 4
  • October - 4
• Each author wrote 1-3 papers, with the following distribution:
  • A, D, G, and H wrote double the number of papers of B, C, E, and F combined.
  • F and H have 1 paper in October, suggesting H's papers are scattered in other months.

Analysis by Categories:

• Manufacturing: Authors D and possibly others (to be determined).
• Logistics: F (October), B (April), G, H (to be allocated to specific months).
• Automation: A (who did not write in October).

Constraints Checked:

• B and G are from the same country and have no overlap in the issues they contributed to.
• E wrote papers in consecutive months, whereas C's papers are spread across different months.
• Indian authors did not contribute to the Manufacturing category, and Japanese/Chinese authors did not contribute to the Automation category.
• D contributed to Manufacturing in January but did not write in July.

Logical Deductions:

• Since only D is confirmed as a contributor from Manufacturing, and D's papers are in January, the claim of having exactly two papers from Manufacturing in July is incorrect.
• This suggests that the papers in the July issue for Manufacturing were not as expected (two), and a redistribution or reallocation of authors contributed to the overall count, which does not fit the constraint of exactly two papers from Manufacturing in July.

Conclusion:

The false statement is: "There were exactly two papers by authors from the Manufacturing area in the July issue." This statement does not hold based on the logical deductions and constraints provided in the passage.

Answer 6

To find the correct sequence of the number of papers by authors from Automation, Manufacturing, and Logistics areas, follow these clues provided:

Clues:

1. Total papers: 18, with authors A, D, G, and H writing double the papers than B, C, E, and F.
2. Distribution among four issues: January (5), April (5), July (4), and October (4).
3. Each author writes: 1-3 papers, with a 0 paper per issue limit.
4. Breakdown of areas: Automation (2 authors), Manufacturing (2 authors), Logistics (4 authors).

Assignment based on clues:

• F writes 1 paper in October from Logistics.
• A from Automation (no paper in October).
• D from Manufacturing (no paper in July).
• C and E are Chinese; E's papers are consecutive, C's are not.
• B from Logistics has a paper in April, aligns with G from the same country.

Papers per Area Determination:

• Automation: A and another author from Automation (2 total papers).
• Manufacturing: D and another author (2 total papers).
• Logistics: 4 authors to cover the remaining papers.

Testing Options:

Based on the given constraints and the provided assignments, the paper distribution is as follows:

Area	Number of Papers
Automation	6
Manufacturing	5
Logistics	7

Conclusion:

Therefore, out of the given options, 6, 5, 7 is the correct solution for the sequence of papers per author’s areas.