List of top Legal Studies Questions

International law is the law between sovereign states. A sovereign is the supreme authority not bound by legal constraints. Which is the correct derivation?

Principles:
1. An employer shall be liable for the wrongs committed by his employees in the course of employment.
2. Third parties must exercise reasonable care to find out whether a person is actually acting in the course of employment.
Facts: Nandan was appointed by Syndicate Bank to collect small savings from its customers daily. Nagamma, a housemaid, was one of such customers. After a couple of years, Syndicate Bank terminated Nandan’s service. Unaware of this, Nagamma continued to hand over her savings to Nandan, who misappropriated them. She realized this after three months and filed a complaint against the bank.
Possible decisions:
(a) Syndicate Bank shall be liable to compensate Nagamma
(b) Syndicate Bank shall not be liable to compensate Nagamma
(c) Nagamma has to blame herself for her negligence
Possible reasons:
(i) Nandan was not acting in the course of employment after termination.
(ii) A person cannot blame others for his own negligence.
(iii) Nagamma was entitled to be informed by the bank about Nandan.
(iv) The bank is entitled to expect customers to know the actual position.

Principles:
1. The owner of land has absolute interest in the property including the contents over and under the property.
2. Water flowing below your land is not yours, though you may use it.
3. Any construction on your land belongs to you.
4. All mineral resources below the land belong to the State.
Facts: There is a subterranean water flow under Suresh’s land. Suresh constructed a huge reservoir and drew all subterranean water into it. As a result, the wells of adjacent owners went dry. They demanded that Suresh either demolish the reservoir or share the water.
Proposed decisions:
(a) Suresh need not demolish the reservoir.
(b) Suresh has to demolish the reservoir.
(c) Suresh has to share the water with his neighbours.
(d) The Government can take over the reservoir.
Possible reasons:
(i) Water cannot be captured by one person for his personal use.
(ii) The government must ensure equitable distribution of water.
(iii) Whatever is under Suresh’s land may be used by him.
(iv) Suresh has to respect the rights of others regarding water.

Principles:
1. When a person unlawfully interferes with another’s chattel depriving him of its use, it is conversion.
2. Nobody shall enrich himself at another's expense.
Facts: A patient’s appendix was removed at a hospital. The hospital used unique cells from it to develop valuable drugs. The patient, learning of this later, claimed a profit share.
Possible decisions:
(a) Hospital need not share profits
(b) Hospital may share on ex gratia basis
(c) Hospital shall share profits
Possible reasons:
(i) The patient benefited from removal.
(ii) Hospital’s research was its own effort.
(iii) Hospital could not have succeeded without the appendix.
(iv) Everyone must share.