Question:

Legal Principles:
1. Offer is a proposal made by one person to another to do an act or abstain from doing it. The person who makes the offer is known as the promisor or offeror and the person to whom an offer is made is known as the promisee or the offeree.
2. A contract comes into being by the acceptance of an offer. When the person to whom the offer is made signifies his consent thereto, the proposal is said to be accepted and the parties are at consensus ad idem regarding the terms of the agreement.
Facts: In Dec. 2019, a convicted murderer who was sentenced to death escaped from the custody of Ramesh, a prison official. Ramesh later offered a reward of INR 50,000 to anyone who captured the fugitive and returned him to the authorities. In Jan. 2020, without knowledge or notice of the reward, Sunil captured the fugitive and took him to Ramesh's jail house. Ramesh refused Sunil's demands for the reward money. Sunil filed a case against Ramesh to recover the reward. Ramesh alleges that there is no contract between Ramesh and Sunil.

Updated On: Aug 5, 2024

A mere offer or promise to pay did not give rise to a contract. Rather, the assent or meeting of two minds gave rise to a contract, and therefore it was not complete until the offer was accepted. Having notice or knowledge of the existence of the reward when he captured the fugitive is essential to his right to recover the reward offered by Ramesh.
The act of capturing the fugitive was acceptance of the offer of reward through conduct and so a valid contract is entered upon.
There was an offer by Ramesh and acceptance by Sunil and it is immaterial whether Sunil had notice or knowledge of the existence of the reward when he captured the fugitive.
Such an offer, like the reward here, could be accepted by anyone who performs the service called for, when the acceptor knows that it has been made and acts in performance of it.

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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

The correct option is (A):A mere offer or promise to pay did not give rise to a contract. Rather, the assent or meeting of two minds gave rise to a contract, and therefore it was not complete until the offer was accepted. Having notice or knowledge of the existence of the reward when he captured the fugitive is essential to his right to recover the reward offered by Ramesh..

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Questions Asked in AILET exam

Read the book descriptions for three different books and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate options.

\(\text{The Politics of Change}\)	\(\text{The Change in Politics}\)	\(\text{Politics and Change:}\) A Global Perspective}
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AILET BALLB (Hons.) - 2025
Reading Comprehension

The levels of dissolved oxygen in the world's ocean waters are declining precipitously. Just like humans, fish need oxygen to survive, and so in ocean areas experiencing significant levels of oxygen scarcity, or hypoxia, fish populations are plummeting. Although some hypoxic areas, called "dead zones," occur naturally, hypoxia in coastal areas and inland waters is caused mainly by agricultural run-off and by discharge of industrial wastewater. More than one hundred permanent dead zones, many covering thousands of square miles, exist worldwide today.
Since reproductive success is the most critical factor in the sustainability of any species, the extent of this threat to marine life and genetic diversity can hardly be overstated. After several months in hypoxic waters, female fish produce fewer eggs. Moreover, hypoxic conditions serve to alter the normal ratio between two particular hormones manufactured during the embryonic stage when a fish's gender is determined. During gestation and under these conditions, the mother produces more testosterone (and less estradiol), which inhibits the development of female reproductive organs and other female characteristics in the embryo, while promoting the development of male traits.
The implications of declining oxygen levels extend beyond individual species to entire ecosystems. Marine biodiversity is at risk as species that cannot adapt to hypoxic conditions may face extinction, leading to a cascade of effects throughout the food web. Predators may struggle to find adequate prey, while other marine organisms, such as coral reefs, which rely on healthy fish populations for symbiotic relationships, may also deteriorate. The loss of biodiversity can disrupt ecosystem services that are essential for human communities, including fisheries, tourism, and coastal protection.
- AILET BALLB (Hons.) - 2025
- Reading Comprehension
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