List of top Questions asked in GATE XE

In an incompressible fluid, the horizontal divergence is -0.01 s\(^{-1}\). Then, the vertical velocity at 50 m above a flat surface is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) m s\(^{-1}\). Round off to one decimal place.
In an atmosphere, temperature (T) decreases linearly with height above the ground (z), i.e., T(z) = T\(_0\) - \(\gamma\)z, where \(\gamma\) is a constant. Surface pressure is 900 hPa. If the atmosphere is at rest, then the value of z at which the pressure decreases to half of that at the surface is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) m (rounded off to the nearest integer).
In a local Cartesian system, a zonal jet has a form u(y) = u\(_0\) (1 - y\(^2\)/L\(^2\)), for \(-L \le y \le L\). Here, y is the meridional distance measured from the axis of the jet and is positive northward. The vertical component of vorticity of this flow at y=L/2 is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) s\(^{-1}\). Round off to 3 decimal places.
An eastward flow with a speed of 10 m/s goes from station M to station N, which are separated by a distance of 1 km. The temperature at station N is always higher than that at station M by 10 K. The absolute change in temperature due to advection at the mid-point between the stations in 50 s is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) K (round off to nearest integer).
Suppose, because of the doubling of atmospheric CO\(_2\) concentration, an ocean water column receives an additional net energy input of 4 W/m\(^2\). If the entire water column of depth 1 km heats up uniformly, the water temperature will increase by 1 K in \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) years (round off to the nearest integer).
Consider a layer of atmosphere between 5 and 6 km height. The downwelling longwave radiation at 5 and 6 km is 240 and 230 Wm\(^{-2}\), respectively. The upwelling longwave radiation at these heights is 260 and 240 Wm\(^{-2}\), respectively. The longwave heating rate in this layer is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) K per day. (Round off to one decimal place.)
The Ekman layer thickness, if turbulent diffusivity is 0.01 m\(^2\) s\(^{-1}\), is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) m. Take Coriolis parameter to be \( 10^{-4} \) s\(^{-1}\). Calculate to the nearest integer.
Consider tropical high-level clouds and low-level stratus clouds with bases at 12 km and 1 km above the surface of the Earth, respectively. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct in the context of Sverdrup transport?
Which of the following statement(s) is/are true with regard to the Hadley circulation?
Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about the ocean circulation?
CO\(_2\) concentration in the Earth's atmosphere is increasing because 50% of the annual anthropogenic emissions are retained in the atmosphere. If nations agree to reduce annual CO\(_2\) emissions by one Giga ton every year starting from 2021, then in which year will the CO\(_2\) concentration in the atmosphere stop rising due to anthropogenic emissions? Take the anthropogenic CO\(_2\) emissions in 2020 as 40 Giga tons.
Over the open ocean, if the air-sea temperature difference is zero, then which of the following statements is/are always true?
The psychrometric equation, which is useful in measuring humidity, is derived assuming the following process(es).
The water vapour mixing ratio of an air parcel increases from 10 g kg\(^{-1}\) to 20 g kg\(^{-1}\) at a constant pressure of 1010 hPa and temperature of 300 K. The change in virtual temperature is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) K (to one decimal place).
Western Boundary Current in the ocean is primarily due to
The relevant nondimensional number in deciding deepening of the thermocline driven by instability of ocean currents is
During July-August, the highest number of monsoon low pressure systems form over